RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Two decades ago, botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) type A was introduced to the commercial market. Subsequently, the toxin was approved by the FDA to address several neurological syndromes, involving muscle, nerve, and gland hyperactivity. These syndromes have typically been associated with abnormalities in cholinergic transmission. Despite the multiplicity of botulinal serotypes (designated as types A through G), therapeutic preparations are currently only available for BoNT types A and B. However, other BoNT serotypes are under study for possible clinical use and new clinical indications; OBJECTIVE: To review the current research on botulinum neurotoxin serotypes A-G, and to analyze potential applications within basic science and clinical settings; CONCLUSIONS: The increasing understanding of botulinal neurotoxin pathophysiology, including the neurotoxin's effects on specific neuronal populations, will help us in tailoring treatments for specific diagnoses, symptoms and patients. Scientists and clinicians should be aware of the full range of available data involving neurotoxin subtypes A-G.
Assuntos
Toxinas Botulínicas/classificação , Clostridium botulinum/classificação , Neurotoxinas/classificação , Neurotransmissores/classificação , Animais , Toxinas Botulínicas/química , Toxinas Botulínicas/genética , Toxinas Botulínicas/farmacologia , Clostridium botulinum/genética , Clostridium botulinum/metabolismo , Genes Bacterianos , Humanos , Dose Letal Mediana , Modelos Moleculares , Neurotoxinas/química , Neurotoxinas/genética , Neurotoxinas/farmacologia , Neurotransmissores/química , Neurotransmissores/genética , Neurotransmissores/farmacologia , SorotipagemRESUMO
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with a high impact on individuals who experience it and their families. In 2010, the Chilean Health System included PD in the Health's explicit guarantees, and clinical guidelines were developed for the diagnosis and management of PD. We reviewed the guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of PD published in the literature worldwide, in order to adapt them to our country's reality from the perspective of a national group of experts.
La enfermedad de Parkinson (EP) es una enfermedad neurodegenerativa progresiva de alto impacto para las personas que la sufren y sus familiares. El año 2010 el Ministerio de Salud de Chile la incorporó al sistema de garantías explicitas en Salud, lo que dio origen al desarrollo de las guías clínicas para el manejo de la EP. Un grupo de expertos nacionales realizó una revisión de las guías sobre diagnóstico y tratamiento de la EPpublicadas en la literatura a nivel mundial, con el propósito de evaluarlas y adaptarlas a la realidad chilena.
